NEET Biology: Microbodies, Peroxisomes & Glyoxysomes
Microbodies are small membrane-bound organelles found in both plant and animal cells. They contain enzymes that perform important metabolic functions such as detoxification and conversion of fats into carbohydrates. These Class 11 Biology notes are based on NCERT and are useful for NEET preparation.
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Microbodies: Tiny, membrane-bound vesicles filled with enzymes that perform specialized metabolic functions.
Key Features:
Structure: They are surrounded by a single membrane.
Contents: They contain various enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions.
Occurrence: Present in both eukaryotic plant and animal cells.
Types of Microbodies for NEET:
Peroxisomes: Involved in peroxide metabolism and photorespiration in plants. They help in the detoxification of alcohol in the liver (in animals).
Glyoxysomes: Found mainly in germinating fatty seeds. They contain enzymes that convert stored fats into carbohydrates (Glyoxylate cycle).
Functions of Microbodies (Important for NEET)
Practice Quiz:
Q1. Microbodies are surrounded by how many membranes?
A) Double membrane
B) Single membrane
C) Triple membrane
D) No membrane
Q2. In which of the following are microbodies present?
A) Plant cells only
B) Animal cells only
C) Both plant and animal cells
D) Prokaryotic cells only
Q3. Which type of microbody is involved in converting fats to carbohydrates in seeds?
A) Peroxisomes
B) Lysosomes
C) Glyoxysomes
D) Centrosomes
Q4. Peroxisomes are primarily involved in which process in plants?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Photorespiration
C) Protein synthesis
D) DNA replication
Answer Key: 1-B, 2-C, 3-C, 4-B.
Conclusion:
Microbodies such as peroxisomes and glyoxysomes play important roles in metabolism and detoxification. Their functions are frequently asked in NEET and board exams.
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