Cell: The Unit of Life – Top 25 NEET MCQs
This post contains top 25 NEET pattern MCQs from the chapter Cell: The Unit of Life. These questions are based on NCERT and are very important for NEET preparation.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who proposed the concept that "all cells arise from pre-existing cells" (Omnis cellula-e cellula)?
(A) Matthias Schleiden
(B) Theodore Schwann
(C) Rudolf Virchow
(D) Robert Hooke
2. Which of the following is an exception to the Cell Theory?
(A) Bacteria
(B) Fungi
(C) Viruses
(D) Lichens
3. The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was proposed by:
(A) Watson and Crick
(B) Singer and Nicolson
(C) Schleiden and Schwann
(D) Robert Brown
4. Mesosomes in prokaryotes are analogous (similar in function) to which eukaryotic organelle?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Mitochondria
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Lysosomes
5. Which of the following is a non-membrane bound organelle found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
(A) Lysosomes
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Vacuoles
(D) Mitochondria
6. The site of synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is:
(A) Nucleoplasm
(B) Nucleolus
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Cytoplasm
7. Which organelle is known as the "packaging and dispatching unit" of the cell?
(A) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(B) Golgi Apparatus
(C) Lysosomes
(D) Peroxisomes
8. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) is the major site for the synthesis of:
(A) Proteins
(B) Lipids and Steroidal hormones
(C) Carbohydrates
(D) Nucleic acids
9. Why are Lysosomes called "suicidal bags"?
(A) Because they produce ATP
(B) Because they contain hydrolytic enzymes
(C) Because they help in protein synthesis
(D) Because they can store food
10. Mitochondria are called semi-autonomous organelles because they possess:
(A) Only DNA
(B) DNA + Ribosomes
(C) Only RNA
(D) Proteins only
Section B: Match the Column (Important for NEET)
11. Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct option:
| Column-I (Plastids) | Column-II (Stored Food) |
| (a) Amyloplasts | (i) Proteins |
| (b) Elaioplasts | (ii) Starch |
| (c) Aleuroplasts | (iii) Fats and Oils |
(A) a-ii, b-iii, c-i
(B) a-i, b-ii, c-iii
(C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii
(D) a-ii, b-i, c-iii
Section C: Critical Thinking Questions
12. The arrangement of microtubules in a eukaryotic flagellum/cilium is:
(A) 9 + 0
(B) 9 + 2
(C) 7 + 2
(D) 9 + 4
13. Select the incorrect statement about Vacuoles:
(A) It is bound by a single membrane called tonoplast.
(B) In plant cells, it can occupy up to 90% of the volume.
(C) It helps in the excretion of waste products.
(D) It contains enzymes for protein synthesis.
14. An acrocentric chromosome is one where the centromere is:
(A) Located at the extreme end
(B) Located very close to one end
(C) Located in the middle
(D) Slightly away from the middle
15. What is the main function of the Cytoskeleton?
(A) Protein synthesis
(B) Maintaining cell shape and motility
(C) Digestion of waste
(D) Storage of minerals
16. The "S" in 70S and 80S ribosomes stands for:
(A) Svedberg unit (Sedimentation coefficient)
(B) Soluble unit
(C) Speed unit
(D) Structure unit
17. Inclusion bodies in prokaryotes are used for:
(A) Locomotion
(B) Storage of reserve materials
(C) Reproduction
(D) Respiration
18. The membrane surrounding the vacuole is known as:
(A) Plasmalemma
(B) Tonoplast
(C) Nuclear envelope
(D) Cell wall
19. Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?
(A) Mitochondria
(B) Chloroplast
(C) Golgi complex
(D) Peroxisomes
20. Middle lamella is mainly composed of:
(A) Calcium pectate
(B) Cellulose
(C) Hemicellulose
(D) Lignin
21. Secondary constriction in chromosomes results in a structure called:
(A) Kinetochore
(B) Satellite
(C) Centromere
(D) Telomere
22. Which pigment is absent in chloroplasts?
(A) Chlorophyll a
(B) Chlorophyll b
(C) Carotenoids
(D) Anthocyanin
23. Kinetochores are:
(A) Protein disks on the centromere
(B) Parts of the ribosome
(C) Enzymes in lysosomes
(D) Lipid granules
24. Assertion (A): Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are endosymbionts.
Reason (R): They have their own genetic material and ribosomes.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true, but R is false.
(D) A is false, but R is true.
25. Polysome (Polyribosome) is a chain of:
(A) Ribosomes attached to a single mRNA
(B) Multiple DNA strands
(C) Lysosomes attached to ER
(D) Several Golgi bodies
Answer Key:
1-C, 2-C, 3-B, 4-B, 5-B, 6-B, 7-B, 8-B, 9-B, 10-B, 11-A, 12-B, 13-D, 14-B, 15-B, 16-A, 17-B, 18-B, 19-C, 20-A, 21-B, 22-D, 23-A, 24-A, 25-A.
📌 NEET Tip:
Focus on NCERT lines, diagrams and differences between organelles. Most NEET questions are directly based on NCERT.
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