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Mega Mock Test: Cell - The Unit of Life | 25 Best MCQs for NEET

 Total Questions: 25

Q1. Who proposed the "Cell Theory" but failed to explain how new cells were formed? 

A) Rudolf Virchow 

B) Schleiden and Schwann 

C) Robert Hooke 

D) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Q2. The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was proposed by: 

A) Singer and Nicolson 

B) Watson and Crick 

C) Camillo Golgi 

D) Robert Brown

Q3. Mesosomes in prokaryotes are involved in all the following EXCEPT: 

A) Cell wall formation 

B) DNA replication 

C) Photosynthesis (in most prokaryotes) 

D) Respiration

Q4. Which of the following organelles is NOT part of the endomembrane system? 

A) Endoplasmic Reticulum 

B) Golgi complex 

C) Mitochondria 

D) Vacuoles

Q5. The "Powerhouse of the cell" possesses its own DNA. This DNA is: 

A) Linear and single-stranded 

B) Circular and double-stranded 

C) Circular and single-stranded 

D) Linear and double-stranded

Q6. Site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis is: 

A) Ribosome 

B) Nucleolus 

C) Cytoplasm 

D) Golgi body

Q7. The arrangement of microtubules in a centriole is: 

A) 9 + 2 

B) 9 + 0 

C) 7 + 2 

D) 4 + 4

Q8. Which organelle is responsible for the detoxification of drugs and poisons? 

A) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) 

B) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) 

C) Lysosomes 

D) Peroxisomes

Q9. Match the following: 

(a) Cristae — (i) Flat membranous sacs in stroma 

(b) Cisternae — (ii) Infoldings in mitochondria 

(c) Thylakoids — (iii) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus

Options: 

A) a-ii, b-iii, c-i 

B) a-iii, b-ii, c-i 

C) a-i, b-iii, c-ii 

D) a-ii, b-i, c-iii

Q10. The 80S ribosomes are found in: 

A) Prokaryotic cytoplasm 

B) Eukaryotic cytoplasm 

C) Mitochondria 

D) Chloroplasts


Q11. Which of the following is an exception to the Cell Theory?

A) Bacteria

B) Fungi

C) Virus

D) Algae

Q12. The inclusion bodies found in prokaryotic cells, like phosphate granules and glycogen granules, are:

A) Bound by a single membrane

B) Bound by a double membrane

C) Not bound by any membrane

D) Bound by a protein coat

Q13. If you remove the 'S-layer' or Glycocalyx from a bacterium, the cell would most likely lose its ability to:

A) Respire

B) Adhere to surfaces or escape the host immune system

C) Synthesize proteins

D) Replicate DNA


Q14. The 'Fluid' nature of the membrane, as per the Fluid Mosaic Model, is important for:

A) Cell growth and formation of intercellular junctions

B) Secretion and Endocytosis

C) Cell division

D) All of the above

Q15. Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the Endomembrane System:

A) ER, Golgi complex, Lysosomes, and Vacuoles are part of it.

B) Their functions are coordinated.

C) Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are also members of this system.

D) Lysosomes are formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus.

Q16. Assertion (A): Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are called semi-autonomous organelles.

Reason (R): They possess their own DNA and 70S ribosomes.

A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

C) A is true, but R is false.

D) A is false, but R is true.


Q17. A chromosome with the centromere situated close to its end, forming one extremely short and one very long arm, is called:

A) Metacentric

B) Sub-metacentric

) Acrocentric

D) Telocentric

Q18. The 'Cartwheel' organization is a characteristic feature of:

A) Cilia

B) Flagella

C) Centriole

D) Nucleolus

Q19. Match Column-I with Column-II:

Column-I (Organelle)Column-II (Key Function)
(a) SER(i) Protein synthesis
(b) RER(ii) Lipid synthesis
(c) Golgi(iii) Digestion of biomolecules
(d) Lysosomes(iv) Glycosylation of proteins

Options:

A) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii

B) a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv

C) a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii

D) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

Q20. Detailed structure of the nuclear pore is essential for the movement of: A) DNA and Histones

B) RNA and Proteins

C) Only Proteins

D) Only RNA

Q21. The space between the inner and outer nuclear membrane is called: A) Nuclear lumen

B) Perinuclear space

C) Nucleoplasm

D) Extra-nuclear space

Q22. Which of the following is NOT true for Ribosomes? A) They are not surrounded by any membrane.

B) They are composed of RNA and proteins.

C) They are called "Organelles within an organelle".

D) They were discovered by Camillo Golgi.

Q23. In chloroplasts, the chlorophyll pigments are present in the: A) Stroma

B) Thylakoids

C) Outer membrane

D) Inner membrane

Q24. Microtubules are involved in which of the following cellular processes? A) Muscle contraction

B) Amoeboid movement

C) Ciliary and flagellar movement

D) Cytoplasmic streaming

Q25. A specialized structure called 'Kinetochore' is associated with which part of the chromosome? A) Secondary constriction

B) Centromere

C) Telomere

D) Satellite

[Answer Key & Explanations] 

  1. B (Schleiden & Schwann gave the theory, Virchow added 'Omnis cellula-e cellula').

  2. A (Proposed in 1972).

  3. C (Mesosomes are for respiration/replication; only some cyanobacteria have similar photosynthetic structures).

  4. C (Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are semi-autonomous).

  5. B (Mitochondrial DNA is circular like prokaryotic DNA).

  6. B (Nucleolus is the site for active rRNA synthesis).

  7. B (Centrioles have 9 triplets in a cartwheel pattern, no central microtubules).

  8. B (SER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification).

  9. A.

  10. B (Prokaryotes and organelles have 70S).

Answer Key with High-Level Explanations (11-19)
  1. Q. NoAnsLogic / NCERT Reference
    11CViruses are non-cellular; they don't have a cellular machinery of their own.
    12CInclusion bodies are free in the cytoplasm without any membrane.
    13BGlycocalyx provides protection and sticky nature for attachment.
    14DFluidity allows the membrane to expand, divide, and transport materials.
    15CMitochondria/Chloroplasts function independently of the endomembrane system.
    16AThey have their own genetic material and ribosomes, similar to prokaryotes.
    17CAcrocentric (p arm is very small, q arm is very long).
    18CCentrioles have 9 triplets in a 9+0 pattern, resembling a cartwheel.
    19AStandard functional matching as per NCERT.

    Answer Key & Explanations (20-25):

    Q. NoAnsLogic / NCERT Reference
    20BNuclear pores allow bidirectional movement of RNA and proteins.
    21BPerinuclear space (10-50 nm) acts as a barrier.
    22DRibosomes were discovered by George Palade (1953), not Golgi.
    23BThylakoids (specifically grana) house the photosynthetic pigments.
    24CCilia and flagella are made of microtubules (9+2 or 9+0 arrangement).
    25BKinetochores are disc-shaped structures where spindle fibers attach during division.

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